The chemistry and scope of samariumand samarium compounds is reviewed here. We manufacture all these compounds and in most instances with these rare earth products , it is important to know the method of manufacture, solubilities, assays and trace impurities.
Rare earth compounds were named not because the individual rare earth elements are rare but because each individual rare earth element rarely exists as a single element but a s a mixture of rare earth elements. Samarium was discovered in 1853 by Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac by its sharp absorption lines in didymium, and isolated in Paris in 1879 by French chemist Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran from the mineral samarskite ((Y,Ce,U,Fe)3(Nb,Ta,Ti)5O16). Although samarskite was first found in the Urals, by the late 1870s a new deposit had been located in North Carolina, and it was from that source that the samarium-bearing didymium had originated.
The composition of monozite
ore is the basis for rare earth impurities found in samarium
compounds and the level of impurities is directly related to the
separation and source of these ores. Samarium is not
found free in nature, but, like other rare earth elements, is
contained in many minerals, including monazite, bastnasiteand
samarskite ; monazite (in which it occurs up to an extent of
2.8%) and bastnäsite are also used as commercial sources.
Mischmetal containing about 1% of samarium has long been used,
but it was not until recent years that relatively pure samarium
has been isolated through ion exchange processes, solvent
extraction techniques, and electrochemical deposition. The metal
is often prepared by electrolysis of a molten mixture of
samarium(III) chloride with sodium chloride or calcium chloride.
Samarium can also be obtained by reducing its oxide with
lanthanum. Prior
to the advent of ion-exchange separation technology in the
1950s, samarium had no commercial uses in pure form. However, a
by-product of the fractional crystallization purification of
neodymium was a mixture of samarium and gadolinium that acquired
the name of "Lindsay Mix" after the company that made it. This
material is thought to have been used for nuclear control rods
in some of the early nuclear reactors. Nowadays, a similar
commodity product has the name "samarium-europium-gadolinium"
(SEG) concentrate. It is prepared by solvent extraction from the
mixed lanthanides extracted from bastnäsite (or monazite). Since
the heavier lanthanides have the greater affinity for the
solvent used, they are easily extracted from the bulk using
relatively small proportions of solvent. Not all rare earth
producers who process bastnäsite do so on large enough scale to
continue onward with the separation of the components of SEG,
which typically makes up only one or two percent of the original
ore. Such producers will therefore be making SEG with a view to
marketing it to the specialized processors Samarium purification
follows the removal of the europium.
Level of
impurities:
99.9%(REO)
1000ppm total rare
earth oxide impurities
99.99%(REO)
100ppm total rare
earth oxide impurities
99.999%(REO)
10ppm total rare
earth oxide impurities
99.9999%(REO)
1ppm total rare
earth oxide impurities
For a certificate
of analysis for any of these products ordered contact:
techservice@rareearthproducts.com
Samarium chloride, bromide and nitrates are isolated as the hexahydrates and are very soluble in water. Anhydrous halides are also available. Samarium acetate is somewhat soluble in water. (It is important to work with the manufacturer of your rare earth products because in the case of acetates the solubility varies widely depending on the method of manufacture and reaction conditions.
A new exciting samarium compound is samarium trifluoroacetate which is very soluble in water and has new uses as a catalyst in organic synthesis. Samarium oxalate, carbonate and sulfate are insoluble in water and exist as a defined hydrate. These compounds can also be dehydrated.
Another example of purchasing rare earth compounds from a known manufacturer is samarium fluoride. The rare earth fluorides are used in advanced material films, lens and glasses. In virtually all applications the fluoride should be carbonate free. Rare Earth Products, Inc. uses a proprietary process to make carbonate free rare earth fluorides.
Rare earth Products, Inc makes the most extensive list of rare earth metal beta diketonates. These organometallic compounds are used for MOCVD, spin coating, catalysts and NMR shift reagents to name a few advanced applications. The compounds offered include rare earth metal complexes with
acetylacetonate or 2,4-pentanedionate ACAC
hepatfluorodimethyloctanedionate FOD
hexafluoracetylacetonate HFAC
tetrametylheptanedionate TMHD
trifluroacetylacetonate TFAC
chiral ligands OPT etc.
Most of these compounds are used because of the physical vapor pressure, volatility and organic solvent solubility. Contact our technical service department to get physical data such as melting points, sublimation temperatures, solubility, boiling points, etc - techservice@rareearthproducts.com.
Rare Earth Products, Inc also manufactures the organic soluble compounds samarium 2-ethylhexanoate and samarium cyclohexanebutyrate. These metal organic compounds are soluble in organic solvents. We can also custom synthesize various rare earth p compounds by adding various ligands, dehydrating and coordinating various organic solvents to enhance non polar solubility. Contact techservice@rareearthproducts.com.
The intermetallics samarium sulfide, samarium selenide and samarium telluride are available upon request. Samarium trifluorometanesulfonate or samarium triflate is available and useful as a Friedel -Crafts catalyst as the anhydrous salt or the hydrate. A new compound samarium thenoyltrifluoroacetonate is used as a thermal laser dye
Rare Earth Compounds Samarium
| S, 6211 | Samarium acetate, hydrate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 17829-86-6 ] | 25gm | $26.00 | |
| 100gm | $69.00 | ||||
| S, 6225 | Samarium acetate, hydrate, 99.99% (REO) | [ 17829-86-6 ] | 10gm | $26.00 | |
| 50gm | $48.00 | ||||
| S, 6203K | Samarium acetylacetonate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 14589-42-5 ] | 25gm | $76.00 | |
| 100gm | $286.00 | ||||
| S, 6214 | Samarium bromide hydrate, 99.99% (REO) | 10gm | $26.00 | ||
| 50gm | $46.00 | ||||
| S, 6216 | Samarium carbonate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 5895-47-6 ] | 25gm | $44.00 | |
| 100gm | $164.00 | ||||
| S, 6226 | Samarium carbonate, 99.99% (REO) | [ 5895-47-6 ] | 10gm | $26.00 | |
| 50gm | $102.00 | ||||
| S, 6212 | Samarium chloride hexahydrate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 13465-55-9 ] | 25gm | $26.00 | |
| 100gm | $77.00 | ||||
| S, 6227 | Samarium chloride hexahydrate, 99.99% (REO) | [ 13465-55-9 ] | 10gm | $26.00 | |
| 50gm | $57.00 | ||||
| S, 6223 | Samarium chloride, anhydrous, 99.9% (REO) | [ 10361-82-7 ] | 25gm | $80.00 | |
| 100gm | $301.00 | ||||
| S, 6207 | Samarium cyclohexanebutyrate, 99.9% (REO) | 2gm | $51.00 | ||
| 10gm | $237.00 | ||||
| S, 6206 | Samarium 2-ethylhexanoate, 99.9% (REO) | 5gm | $26.00 | ||
| 25gm | $98.00 | ||||
| S, 6213 | Samarium fluoride, 99.99% (REO) | [ 13765-24-7 ] | 10gm | $53.00 | |
| 50gm | $247.00 | ||||
| S, 6204K | Samarium hexafluoroacetylacetonate, 99.9% (REO) | 2gm | $43.00 | ||
| 10gm | $203.00 | ||||
| S, 6215 | Samarium nitrate hexahydrate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 13759-83-6 ] | 25gm | $26.00 | |
| 100gm | $85.00 | ||||
| S, 6229 | Samarium nitrate hexahydrate, 99.99% (REO) | [ 13759-83-6 ] | 10gm | $26.00 | |
| 50gm | $55.00 | ||||
| S, 6217 | Samarium oxalate decahydrate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 5895-47-6 ] | 25gm | $32.00 | |
| 100gm | $118.00 | ||||
| S, 6230 | Samarium oxalate decahydrate, 99.99% (REO) | [ 5895-47-6 ] | 10gm | $26.00 | |
| 50gm | $76.00 | ||||
| S, 6210 | Samarium oxide, 99.99% (REO) | [ 12060-58-1 ] | 25gm | $26.00 | |
| 100gm | $72.00 | ||||
| S, 6210Q | Samarium oxide, 99.999% (REO) | [ 12060-58-1 ] | 25gm | $63.00 | |
| 100gm | $238.00 | ||||
| S, 6222 | Samarium phosphate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 13465-57-1 ] | 5gm | $26.00 | |
| 25gm | $119.00 | ||||
| S, 6219 | Samarium sulfate octahydrate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 5895-47-6 ] | 25gm | $26.00 | |
| 100gm | $65.00 | ||||
| S, 6231 | Samarium sulfate octahydrate, 99.99% (REO) | [ 5895-47-6 ] | 10gm | $26.00 | |
| 50gm | $46.00 | ||||
| S, 6218 | Samarium sulfide, 99.9% (REO) | 5gm | $72.00 | ||
| 25gm | $336.00 | ||||
| S, 6235 | Samarium trifluoroacetate, 99.9% (REO) | 2gm | $31.00 | ||
| 10gm | $145.00 | ||||
| S, 6208 | Samarium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 99.9% (REO) | [ 52093-28-4 ] | 5gm | $28.00 | |
| 25gm | $132.00 | ||||
| T, 6201K | Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)samarium, 99.9% (REO) | [ 15492-51-0 ] | 2gm | $49.00 | |
| 10gm | $232.00 | ||||
| T, 6241K | Tris(4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3-butanediono)samarium, 99.9% (REO) | [ 41884-73-5 ] | 1gm | $38.00 | |
| 5gm | $179.00 |